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SunCalc is a tiny BSD-licensed JavaScript library for calculating sun position, sunlight phases (times for sunrise, sunset, dusk, etc.), moon position and lunar phase for the given location and time, created by Vladimir Agafonkin (@mourner) as a part of the SunCalc.net project.
Most calculations are based on the formulas given in the excellent Astronomy Answers articles about position of the sun and the planets. You can read about different twilight phases calculated by SunCalc in the Twilight article on Wikipedia.
// get today's sunlight times for London
var times = SunCalc.getTimes(new Date(), 51.5, -0.1);
// format sunrise time from the Date object
var sunriseStr = times.sunrise.getHours() + ':' + times.sunrise.getMinutes();
// get position of the sun (azimuth and altitude) at today's sunrise
var sunrisePos = SunCalc.getPosition(times.sunrise, 51.5, -0.1);
// get sunrise azimuth in degrees
var sunriseAzimuth = sunrisePos.azimuth * 180 / Math.PI;
SunCalc is also available as an NPM package:
$ npm install suncalc
var SunCalc = require('suncalc');
SunCalc.getTimes(/*Date*/ date, /*Number*/ latitude, /*Number*/ longitude, /*Number (default=0)*/ height)
Returns an object with the following properties (each is a Date
object):
Property | Description |
---|---|
sunrise |
sunrise (top edge of the sun appears on the horizon) |
sunriseEnd |
sunrise ends (bottom edge of the sun touches the horizon) |
goldenHourEnd |
morning golden hour (soft light, best time for photography) ends |
solarNoon |
solar noon (sun is in the highest position) |
goldenHour |
evening golden hour starts |
sunsetStart |
sunset starts (bottom edge of the sun touches the horizon) |
sunset |
sunset (sun disappears below the horizon, evening civil twilight starts) |
dusk |
dusk (evening nautical twilight starts) |
nauticalDusk |
nautical dusk (evening astronomical twilight starts) |
night |
night starts (dark enough for astronomical observations) |
nadir |
nadir (darkest moment of the night, sun is in the lowest position) |
nightEnd |
night ends (morning astronomical twilight starts) |
nauticalDawn |
nautical dawn (morning nautical twilight starts) |
dawn |
dawn (morning nautical twilight ends, morning civil twilight starts) |
SunCalc.addTime(/*Number*/ angleInDegrees, /*String*/ morningName, /*String*/ eveningName)
Adds a custom time when the sun reaches the given angle to results returned by SunCalc.getTimes
.
SunCalc.times
property contains all currently defined times.
SunCalc.getPosition(/*Date*/ timeAndDate, /*Number*/ latitude, /*Number*/ longitude)
Returns an object with the following properties:
altitude
: sun altitude above the horizon in radians,
e.g. 0
at the horizon and PI/2
at the zenith (straight over your head)azimuth
: sun azimuth in radians (direction along the horizon, measured from south to west),
e.g. 0
is south and Math.PI * 3/4
is northwestSunCalc.getMoonPosition(/*Date*/ timeAndDate, /*Number*/ latitude, /*Number*/ longitude)
Returns an object with the following properties:
altitude
: moon altitude above the horizon in radiansazimuth
: moon azimuth in radiansdistance
: distance to moon in kilometersparallacticAngle
: parallactic angle of the moon in radiansSunCalc.getMoonIllumination(/*Date*/ timeAndDate)
Returns an object with the following properties:
fraction
: illuminated fraction of the moon; varies from 0.0
(new moon) to 1.0
(full moon)phase
: moon phase; varies from 0.0
to 1.0
, described belowangle
: midpoint angle in radians of the illuminated limb of the moon reckoned eastward from the north point of the disk;
the moon is waxing if the angle is negative, and waning if positiveMoon phase value should be interpreted like this:
Phase | Name |
---|---|
0 | New Moon |
Waxing Crescent | |
0.25 | First Quarter |
Waxing Gibbous | |
0.5 | Full Moon |
Waning Gibbous | |
0.75 | Last Quarter |
Waning Crescent |
By subtracting the parallacticAngle
from the angle
one can get the zenith angle of the moons bright limb (anticlockwise).
The zenith angle can be used do draw the moon shape from the observers perspective (e.g. moon lying on its back).
SunCalc.getMoonTimes(/*Date*/ date, /*Number*/ latitude, /*Number*/ longitude[, inUTC])
Returns an object with the following properties:
rise
: moonrise time as Date
set
: moonset time as Date
alwaysUp
: true
if the moon never rises/sets and is always above the horizon during the dayalwaysDown
: true
if the moon is always below the horizonBy default, it will search for moon rise and set during local user’s day (frou 0 to 24 hours).
If inUTC
is set to true, it will instead search the specified date from 0 to 24 UTC hours.
parallacticAngle
calculation to getMoonPosition
.getMoonIllumination
.inUTC
argument to getMoonTimes
.SunCalc.getMoonTimes
for calculating moon rise and set times.SunCalc.times
property with defined daylight times.SunCalc.getTimes
performance.phase
to SunCalc.getMoonIllumination
results (moon phase).SunCalc.getMoonIllumination
(in place of getMoonFraction
) that returns an object with fraction
and angle
(angle of illuminated limb of the moon).SunCalc.getMoonFraction
function that returns illuminated fraction of the moon.SunCalc.getMoonPosition
function.SunCalc.addTime
function.